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Van Buren County Courthouse (Iowa)
The Van Buren County Courthouse in Keosauqua, Iowa, United States was built in 1843. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977 as a part of the County Courthouses in Iowa Thematic Resource.〔 It is the only building the county has used as its courthouse, and it is the oldest courthouse in Iowa. In 1845 the courthouse served as the location for a trial resulting in the first death penalty in Iowa history.
==History==
Van Buren County, Iowa was established on December 7, 1836. The first meeting of the county court and officials was held the following spring in Farmington, Iowa. However, the Wisconsin territorial legislature—which Iowa was a part of until 1838—changed the county seat to the village of Rochester in December, 1837. Territorial Governor Henry Dodge vetoed the change so an election was held in 1838 to settle the matter. The voters chose Keosauqua, which was then required to supply $5,000 in materials and land for the construction of a county courthouse.〔
The Van Buren County commissioners accepted a bid of $6,500 from James Hall and John Fairman on May 30, 1840 for construction of the courthouse, with Sewall Kenny and Henry King named as building agents.〔 However, early the following January the commissioners relieved the agents of their duties and named Edwin Manning to finish the construction. This was done in September, 1843 at a final cost of $6,712 dollars. Edwin Manning would later build the Hotel Manning in Keosauqua, now also on the National Register of Historic Places.
The finished Greek Revival-style building was one of the largest west of the Mississippi River for that time period.〔 The framework of the courthouse was constructed of native oak from the area as well as locally manufactured brick for the exterior.〔 Iron truss rods were installed in the building to provide further strength.〔 he exterior walls are 22 inches (55.88 cm) thick on the first floor and 18 inches (45.72 cm) on the second floor.〔 Locally harvested walnut completed most of the interior, trim, and two circular staircases. Originally the courthouse included a ten-foot square tower rising another sixteen feet above the second floor〔 however it was removed in the mid-1800s. The circular walnut staircases were also removed and replaced by the single one presently in use.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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